School of Pure and Applied Sciences
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Browsing School of Pure and Applied Sciences by Author "Acup, Walter."
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Publication Open Access Adherence to Tuberculosis Treatment and Its Associated Factors among Drug-susceptible Tuberculosis Patients in Lira District, Northern Uganda(International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 2023-04-13) Nabaziwa, Jannat.; Kigongo, Eustes.; Kabunga, Amir.; Acup, Walter.; Puleh, Sean Steven.; Kabunga, AmirUganda has a high incidence of tuberculosis infection at 200 cases per 100,000 people. With effective therapy and adherence to medications is essential for reducing the spread of tuberculosis in the community. However, many of the initiated patients do not get to finish the entire course of treatment. The purpose of this study was to investigate the level of and factors associated with tuberculosis treatment adherence among drug-susceptible tuberculosis patients in the Lira district. A facility-based cross-sectional survey was conducted among 234 randomly selected tuberculosis patients between October and December 2022. The Morisky medication adherence scale was used to measure adherence. Using a structured questionnaire to collect data on socio-demographic characteristics, community factors, and health service delivery factors associated with adherence. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to determine the correlates of adherence to tuberculosis drugs at a p value of 0.05. Most of the respondents (135, 57.7%) were males, (93, 39.7%) aged above 45 years, and (135, 57.7%) in a marital relationship. The prevalence of adherence to tuberculosis drugs was 84.6% (198/234) and was associated with marital status (AOR: 0.307; 95% CI: 0.13-0.0724, p=0.007) and the experience of stigma (AOR: 4.39; 95% CI: 1.612-11.958, p=0.004). The study reported that 2 in 10 drug-susceptible tuberculosis patients are non-adherent, which is lower than the targeted 90%. Marital status and stigma experience are predictors of non-adherence. Interventions by the ministry of health should target how to improve tuberculosis treatment and reduce stigma.Publication Open Access Prevalence of diarrhea and water sanitation and hygiene (WASH) associated factors among children under five years in Lira City Northern Uganda: Community based study(PLOS ONE, 2024-06-07) Auma, Brenda. ,; Musinguzi, Marvin.; Ojuka, Edward.; Kigongo, Eustes.; Tumwesigye, Raymond.; Acup, Walter.; Kabunga, Amir.; Opio, Bosco.; Kabunga, AmirBackground Children under the age of five experience a significant disease burden from diarrheal illnesses. This poses a severe public health risk as the second leading cause of infant death worldwide, after pneumonia. Lira City in Uganda is one of the developing urban areas with limited information about the diarrheal disease among children under the age of 5 years. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and assess the water, sanitation and hygiene related factors associated with diarrheal diseases among children under five years in Lira City. Methods The study was conducted among 492 care takers of children under the age of 5 years in Lira City between August 2022 and September 2022. Data was collected using an interviewer administered questionnaire and a multi-stage sampling was used to select study participants. Data was analyzed by bivariate and multivariate logistic regression using STATA version 17. P-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Out of 541 participants, 492 responded. The majority of the respondents, 425(86.4%) were female, 146(29.7%) had children aged 1–12 months, 192 (39%) had primary level education, and 155(31.5%) were self-employed. The prevalence of diarrhea among children under five years was 130(26.4%) and the associated factors with diarrheal disease were children between 49–60 months old (AOR = 0.12, 95% CI: 0.03–0.39, P = 0.001), cleaning the latrine more times (AOR = 0.42, 95% CI: 0.22–0.81, P = 0.010) and not treating water (AOR = 1.84, 95% CI: 1.11–3.06, P = 0.018). Conclusion There is high prevalence of diarrhea among children under 5 years of age. The study’s findings highlight the need for ongoing efforts to lower the prevalence of diarrheal illnesses among children under the age of five in Uganda’s emerging urban areas.