Browsing by Author "Jivraj, Nilufar"

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    PublicationOpen Access
    Determinants of the world health organization surgical safety checklist use among clinicians at Kenyatta National Hospital Nairobi Kenya
    (Journal of Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, 2023-02-23) Ojakaa, Pascalia Mary; Jivraj, Nilufar; Njoroge, George
    Introduction: The World Health Organization Surgical Safety Checklist (SSC) minimizes harm to patients. Clinicians use the checklist to confirm and ensure that the correct surgical operation is performed on the correct patient at the correct location. There are limited studies done to assess the effectiveness of using SSC in the operating rooms at Kenyatta National Hospital (KNH) since its adoption in 2012. Objective: The broad objective of the study was to determine SSC use among clinicians at Kenyatta National Hospital in Nairobi, Kenya; and determine clinicians’ and institutional-related factors influencing its use at the same hospital. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the operating theatres at KNH. The study recruited 178 consented clinicians who use SSC and excluded those on leave based on the multi-stage sampling technique and Yamane’s formulae. Collected data were processed using IBM SPSS version 20. Results: About 98% of the respondents were aware of SSC with 95% reporting its use during the interview day. Around 52% of the respondents had the clinical experience of over 10 years with 46% having theatre experience of over 10 years. Almost 95% of the respondents reported availability and its use with 99% confirming its mandatory usage in the operating theatres. Training and sensitization of clinicians on the use of the checklist were at 62% and 70%, respectively. Conclusion There was a recommendable utilization level of SSC at 95% influenced by clinicians’ and institutional related factors at Kenyatta National Hospital.
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    PublicationOpen Access
    Impact of simulation-based training on nursing students' knowledge of chest respiratory assessment at Mount Kenya University
    (Journal of Medical and Biomedical Laboratory Sciences Research, 2024-07-12) Okoth, Vera Akinyi; Jivraj, Nilufar; Njoroge, George
    Background: Simulation allows nursing students to perform skills they have learned in class. It allows them to apply theory into practice. The available manikin for simulation include low, medium and high fidelity manikin. Globally, simulation is among the teaching methods used to train nurses and other healthcare professionals. Despite the benefits of high fidelity simulation illustrated in other studies, there is paucity of research done on the effectiveness of simulation using medium fidelity manikin among nursing students. Currently, the healthcare education system focuses on basic science education and leaves most skills training in an unsystematic process and unstructured. Since the laboratory sessions are not examined or assessed for the students to \be awarded marks, students do not attend laboratory simulation sessions as expected. This study evaluated effectiveness of medium fidelity simulation. Methods: It adopted a cross-sectional quantitative pretest-posttest quasi experimental design. It was conducted at Mount Kenya University among undergraduate nursing students. Purposive sampling will be used. Simple random assignment was used to sort out the sample participants into control and experimental groups. Cluster randomization was used for quality assurance of control group. Data was collected through a pretest quiz, Structured Observation Checklist and Questionnaire. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences. Results: On assessment of knowledge, experimental group had a mean score of 91.8% with Standard Deviation 9.68. Control group had a mean of 88.11% with Standard Deviation of 10.38. At 95% confidence level, p-value of 0.016 suggested that there was difference in knowledge on chest respiratory assessment between experimental and control groups. Clinical competency between the experimental and control groups was compared using an independent sample t-test. Experimental group had a mean of 92.67 with standard deviation of 6.602. Control group had a mean of 62.23 with standard deviation of 12.118. The Pvalue = .001. With 95% confidence level, there was statistical difference in clinical competency between the two groups. Conclusion: Students who participated in simulation displayed better performance in knowledge and clinical competency than those who did not participate in simulation. Further research can be done determine factors that can motivate nursing students to attend laboratory simulated sessions
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    PublicationOpen Access
    Institutional Factors that Influence Pain Valuation for Severely Sick Patients among Nurses at Selected Hospitals in Kiambu County, Kenya
    (Asian Journal of Research in Nursing and Health, 2024-08-14) Kinyua, Anna Wangechi; Jivraj, Nilufar; Njoroge, George
    The incidence of pain ranges from 47% to 100%, presenting a challenge across all demographics. Inadequate pain assessment can delay management, increasing anguish and potentially worsening pain. Nurses have professional and ethical responsibilities to ensure effective pain relief, relying on their understanding, consistent assessment, and documentation. This study aims to assess institutional factors influencing pain assessment and understand nurses’ factors affecting pain assessment in selected hospitals in Kiambu County, Kenya. Utilizing a descriptive research design, the study focused on 168 nurses selected through a census technique. A five-point Likert scale questionnaire was administered, and data were analyzed using SPSS Version 22 with descriptive statistics, including mean, percentages, tabulations, and frequencies. Findings revealed that hospitals employ various pain assessment tools for critically ill patients, with the behavioral painassessment tool being the most common, followed by the critical-care pain observational tool and nonverbal pain assessment tool. Institutional factors such as pain evaluation procedures, communication channels, staffing levels, availability of equipment, teamwork, supervision, work regulations, and hospital environment significantly influenced pain assessment. Additionally, nurses’ demographic factors, including experience and personal pain encounters, impacted assessment practices. Statistical analysis showed a significant relationship between pain assessment tools and outcomes, highlighting the importance of tool selection for effective pain management. The study concludes that tool types, institutional factors, and nurses’ characteristics influence pain assessment and management among critically ill patients in Kiambu County. Recommendations include implementing capacity-building programs for nurses and prioritizing staffing, ethical practices, equipment provision, work culture, and safety. Incorporating pain management education into training for healthcare practitioners is also advised.