Publication: Phytochemical compounds and antimicrobial efficacy of jatropha curcas extracts on Escherichia coli from diabetic females in Kitui county, Kenya
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2023-05
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Mount Kenya University
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Abstract
Multidrug drug resistance world is a predominant drift in microbiology domain and
thus desires to be addressed with innovative drugs or substitute approaches of
management. Traditional medicine in which plants plays a key role remains a challenge
in today’s world due to lack of proper validation and documentation mechanism. Plants
typically are known to contain concoctions of phytochemicals, tributary metabolites that
work independently, additively, or in synergy to better the health of individuals. The
study area, Kitui County- Kenya, traditional healers have been using Jatropha Curcas
leaves and stem bark plant extracts as a multidrug extract. Chemicals ingredients,
biological analysis and concoction effects of Jatropha Curcas crude extracts remains a
research gap in the study area. The efficacies of the Jatropha Curcas herbal preparation
have little or no validation at all neither is it documented. This experimental study was
aimed at determining the phytochemicals compounds and antimicrobial efficacy of
Jatropha curcas extracts on Escherichia coli clinical isolates from diabetic females
identified with urinary tract infection in which establishment of the phytochemicals
present in Jatropha curcas crude plant leaves and stem bark extracts, singly and as a
concoction was done and antimicrobial efficacy of Jatropha curcas leaves and stem
bark extracts, singly and as a concoction, on Escherichia coli clinical isolates of
diabetic females identified with urinary tract infection. The Escherichia coli clinical
isolates was obtained from diabetic females identified with urinary tract infection at
Kitui County referrals Hospital and transported to Mount Kenya University, Sufficient
amount of freshly mature crude Jatropha curcas leaves and stem bark were harvested
from Kitui County. It is at East African Herbarium in the National Museums of Kenya
where Voucher specimen’s analysis on morphological characteristics took place and
matched with the others documented in the East Africa Herbarium. Phytochemistry
analysis took place at East African Herbarium in the National Museums of Kenya in
form of ethyl acetate, acetone, aqueous and methanol solutions for the compounds
Saponins, Alkaloids, Tannins, Flavonoids, Phenol, Sterol, Terpenoids, Coumarins and
Glycosides in which the profiles indicated different extraction solvents do have
different effects on the phytochemical composition. After, they were subjected to
clinical isolates of Escherichia coli of diabetic females identified with urinary tract
infection from kitui county referrals hospital for Antimicrobial Efficacy by evaluating
their Minimum Inhibition Concentration and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration
where failure to proceed to Minimum Bactericidal Concentration from Minimum
Inhibition Concentration was a Static indication of Jatropha curcas extracts to E.coli
organism. Incubation of Culture media known to have no inoculation to check the
sterility was done, known Escherichia coli standard ATCC 29218 was used as a control,
a well-known standard Positive and Negative control drug was used in support of
control measures. Minitab version 17.0 statistical software, ONE WAY, and TWO
WAY ANOVA was used to analyze the data. Ethical endorsement was sought from
Kitui County Hospital Research team management, NACOSTI, and consent was sought
from the study populations.
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Keywords
traditional healers, drug, resistance, Escherichia coli