Publication: Determination of Treatment Outcomes and Trend for Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis Among Refugees in Dadaab Refugee Camps in Garissa County, Kenya
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2017-01
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Journal of Public Health
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Abstract
Objective: To determine treatment outcomes and trend of Multidrug resistant Tuberculosis among refugees in
Dadaab refugee camps.
Research Design: Descriptive retrospective and cross-sectional study designs
Location of the study: Dadaab Refugee Camps in Garissa County, Kenya.
Target Population: 350,000
Sample population: 116 patients’ records who completed treatment and 74 patients who are on treatment.
Data Collection Instrument: Forms for collecting secondary data and questionnaires for patients’ interview.
Results: The study revealed that more males are affected than females. Males were 45(61%) while females
were 29(39%), (t = -2.398; p =0.019).The population proportion in the refugee camps is 49.4% males and 50.6%
females .Females are slightly more than males in the refugee camps. The study also found out that MDR- TB
affects more the younger people and adults between age group 15-54 years of the refugee population which
represents 66 percent (𝑋2 = 4.526; 𝑃 = 0.000).It also found out that most of the patients were previously
treated for TB. This shows that previous treatment for TB is a risk factor for developing MDR- TB (91%),
(𝑋2 = 25.42; 𝑃 = 0.000). There is significant difference in education and MDR- TB transmission. MDR-TB
transmission mostly occurred in those with none or little education according to this research finding. The
uneducated (64%) have knowledge gap in TB/MDR-TB transmission and prevention measure, (t = -16.024; p
= 0.000). HIV was not a risk factor for developing MDR- TB in the refugee camps. The study revealed that
there was good treatment outcome for those completed treatment as the treatment success rate was over 90
percent. The trend of MDR-TB was increasing over the years from 3 in 2009 to 67 in 2015.
Conclusion: Psychological, financial and other social support is important for patients during their course of
treatment. The findings illustrate that efforts should be made to prioritize the development and implementation
of effective MDR-TB screening and treatment protocols for the high risk groups e.g. previously treated patients,
failures, return after defaulting treatment (RAD) and those who come in to contact with MDR- TB patients, to
improve treatment outcome and minize the emergence of Extensive Drug-Resistant TB (XDR-TB)