Publication: Water, Sanitation and Hygiene in Lower-Level Health Care Facilities of Dar es Salaam Region in Tanzania: Status towards Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals and Way Forward
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2024-03-29
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Scientific Research Publishing
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Abstract
kground: Improving Water, Sanitation and Hygiene in health care settings is a critical prerequisite for achieving national health goals and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The World Health Organization (WHO)
has set a target for each United Nations member state to reach by 2030. Each
member state is required to reach by 2022, 2025 and 2030 at least 60%, 80%
and 100%, respectively of basic level of service of the five elements which are
water, sanitation, hygiene, waste management and environmental cleaning.
Methods: This study aimed to evaluate and document the current state of basic water, sanitation, and hygiene services in all lower-level health care facilities in the Dar es Salaam region of Tanzania as of July 2022. A cross-sectional
study was conducted in 99 public dispensaries in the Dar es Salaam region’s
five councils: Ubungo, Kigamboni, Kinondoni and Temeke Municipalities,
and Ilala City. The interviewee form and observational checklists were both
digitalized using the Kobo tool software. The respondents were health care
facility in-charges or nurse in-charges. Data were downloaded, validated, and
imported to Stata version 15 for analysis. Results: The basic WASH level per
JMP is far below the target in 2022. Each member state by 2022 is required to reach at least 60% of the basic level of service of each element. We found a
low coverage of basic WASH in the 99 dispensaries included in this study.
The basic WASH coverage was met in only 10 (10.1%) of the dispensaries,
while the remaining 89 (89.9%) dispensaries fall on limited WASH services.
Conclusion: This study revealed lower coverage of basic WASH services in
dispensaries. An urgent need is required to improve the status of WASH in all
the dispensaries and facilitate the provision of quality health care services, patient safety and reduce health care associated infections.