Publication: Total flavonoid content, total phenolic content and Antioxidant activity of uveriodendron Anisatum root and fruit Methanol extracts
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2021-08
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Mount Kenya University
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Abstract
Medicinal plants have gained favor among many researchers globally. This has been attributed
to their therapeutic properties that has been key in management of many diseases including
microbial infections, inflammation and neurodegenerative diseases. This pharmacological
properties are as result of the bioactive compounds such as phenolics that are widely distributed
in many plants. These compounds play a great role as antioxidants that aid in quenching free
radicals preventing the development of oxidative stress and its related disorders. The evaluation
of these bioactive compounds and their pharmacological properties is still insufficient. This
study aimed at evaluating the total phenolic, total flavonoid and radical scavenging activity of
methanol fruit and root extract of Uvariodendron anisatum. Folin-Ciocalteu’s method and
calorimetric aluminum chloride method were used to evaluate total phenolic content and total
flavonoid content respectively. The 2.2-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazil (DPPH) free radical
scavenging assay was used to evaluate the antioxidant. L-ascorbic acid, gallic acid and catechin
were used as the standards for antioxidant, total phenolic content and total flavonoid content
respectively. The total phenolic content and total flavonoid were calculated from the regression
equation of the gallic standard and catechin standard curve and presented as mg GAE/ g of dry
weight and CE /g of dry weight respectively. The methanol root and fruit extract recorded total
phenolic content of 14.627±0.078 mg GAE /g and 15.013±0.047 mg GAE /g and total
flavonoid content of 7.894±0.002 mg CE /g and 8.057±0.009 mg CE /g respectively. The total
phenolic content of fruit extract was significantly higher from that of root extract (P<0.05).
However, the total flavonoid content in both the two extracts were not significantly different
from each other (P>0.05). The 2.2-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazil (DPPH) free radical scavenging
activity results showed a dose depended activity in both the fruit and root methanol extract of
Uvariodendron anisatum and L-ascorbic acid. The methanol root extract at 0.01 µg/ml,0.1
µg/ml and 1 µg/ml recorded significantly higher percentage radical scavenging activity as than
both methanol fruit extract and L-ascorbic acid (p<0.05). The standard, L-ascorbic acid at 10
µg/ml, 100 µg/ml and 1000 µg/ml significantly recorded high percentage radical scavenging
activity as than both methanol root and fruit extracts (p<0.05). Methanol fruit and root extract
recorded IC50 of 4.680 µg/ml and 5.080 µg/ml for fruit and root respectively while L-ascorbic
acid record the IC50 of 3.420 µg/ml. The methanol fruit extract showed higher antioxidant
activity that correlated to its higher phenolic compound. In conclusion, this plant is a potential
antioxidant agent with the ability to scavenge the free radicals
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Keywords
Medicinal plants, Neurodegenerative diseases, Bioactive compounds