Publication: Effectiveness of Health Education on Prevention of Antibiotic Misuse and Self-Medication Among HIV-Positive Adults in Bauchi State Nigeria
Total Views 22
total viewsTotal Downloads 7
total downloadsDate
2023-01
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Mount Kenya University
Cite this Item
Abstract
Misusing antibiotics and self-medications constitute one of the major public health
challenges across the globe. Resistance to common antibiotics often necessitates shift
towards more expensive and scarcely available higher generations antibiotics. People
living with HIV/AIDS are likely to experience multiple health challenges irrespective of
their use of anti ret rovi ral drugs. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence
of antibiotics misuse and self-medication and the effect of Health Education (HE) on the
prevention of antibiotics misuse and the behavior of self-antibiotics prescribed
treatments for common bacterial infections among HIV positive adults residing in
Bauchi State Nigeria. The study was quasi-experimental design. A total of 85
participants were selected in the intervention and control groups respectively. H e a l t h
education intervention was conducted among experimental group.
Data was collected using structured questionnaire at baseline and three months post-
intervention and analyzed using SPSS and R software. The magnitude of antibiotics
misuse and self-medication among intervention and control groups at baseline were
67.1% and 64.7% respectively. However, following health education, the
magnitude in the intervention and control groups was 24.3% and 67.5% (P<0.005)
respectively. Occupation was significantly associated with having good knowledge of
antibiotics misuse and self-medication, while years spent on ARVs were significantly
associated with having good attitude towards antibiotics misuse and self-medication,
so also tribe and the CD4 count status on perceived control beliefs. On adjusting for
confounding effect using logistic regression analysis, the predictors of knowledge
were marital status of married (AOR=2.01, 95%CI=1.67−3.99), occupational status of
employed (AOR =4.00, 95%CI = 1.17−10.27), education (AOR=1.95,
95%CI=1.45−4.18) and duration of ARV therapy (AOR=2.12, 95%CI=1.77−7.88).
Also, marital status of married (AOR=3.11, 95% CI=1.23–4.56), educational status of
secondary school and beyond (AOR=3.99, 95%CI=2.76–9.54), and duration of ARV
therapy (AOR=3.00, 95%CI=2.11–6.44) were significant predictors of poor attitude
towards antibiotics misuse and self-medication among intervention group who received
health education. Health education was found to have significant effect in reducing
prevalence of antibiotics misuse and self-medication among HIV positive adults.
Integration of health education into routine HIV care will be useful in reducing
antibiotics misuse and self-medication. Further research is required on the long-term
effects of health education on reducing antibiotics misuse and self-medication among
HIV positive adult.
Key Words: Self-Medication, Antibiotics, HIV, Health Education