Publication: A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Award of Master of Public Health Degree in Monitoring and Evaluation of Mount Kenya University
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2022-10
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Mount Kenya University
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Abstract
Non-communicable diseases are the leading cause of morbidity as well as mortality. In 2020 about 19.3 million newly cases diagnosed and 10.0 million people die of cancer annually worldwide. In Kenya cancer come second cause of mortality besides cardiovascular diseases accounting for 7% of total mortality thus making it a public health concern. In the 2020 GLOBOCAN report, National cancer estimates stand at 42,116 new cancer cases diagnosed and a mortality of 27,092. In Thika level five Hospital cancer cases are unknown. The main objective of this study was to assess cancer morbidity and mortality between the years 2013-2017 at Thika level five Hospital, Kiambu County, Kenya. The primary target for this study was all cancer patients attending Thika hospital. A descriptive, cross-sectional design was employed to gather data presented in all cancer patients. A sum of 261 cancer patients’ records observed from patients treated between January 2013 and December 2017. An interview was done using a structured questionnaire with 98 patients from the department of cancer pain management in the hospital. Data on independent variables including age, sex, primary anatomical sites of cancer origin. Data were analyzed, and summarized into frequencies and proportions, because of a small number of cancer cases only the top five were considered. The proportionate cancer frequency for incidence rate, and prevalence, as well as mortality, were calculated. The frequency recorded was absolute, and the proportions were in percentages. Data were presented in graphs and tables. The questionnaire interviews were analyzed using SPSS version 21. Proportionate cancer morbidity for five years and proportionate mortality rate since 2017 was analyzed Approval acquired from Mount Kenya Institutional Research Ethics Committee and a license was obtained from the National Commission of Science, Technology, and Innovation (NACOSTI). Permission to collect data obtained at Thika level five Teaching and Referral Hospital. The data were abstracted from 261 records out of which 179 (69%) female while 82 (31%) males. Primary data were obtained from a questionnaire for 98 cancer patients out of which 79 (77.6%) were alive while 22 (22.4%) die in combined gender. The top five cancer by sites were cervix 59 (22.6%), breast 40 (15.3%), esophagus 37 (14.2%), stomach 31 (11.9%), and prostate 13 (5 %). The proportionate cancer morbidity for five years for all ages was 73.9 per 100, population. The proportionate mortality rate for 2017 is 8.4 per 100 populations. In conclusion, major cancer in females and males were cervical and prostate, respectively. Recommendation, there is a need to emphasize provider-initiated cervical and prostate cancer screening during triage at the health facility as this may facilitate documentation of unseen cases.