Publication: Analysis of Technological factors influencing adoption of ICT in Teaching and Learning: A Case of Githunguri Sub-County Kenya
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2021-11
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Mount Kenya University
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Abstract
Living in the digital age, it is hard for any aspect of human endeavor to be carried on effectively
without information communication technologies. Empirical literature revealed that, the level
of input on ICT resources for adoption of ICT fails to commensurate. The study established
lack of conclusive research hence a research gap on technological factors influencing adoption
of ICT. Literature revealed that ICT rapid change poses technological challenges to adoption of
ICT, hence the need to review the adoption models. Critical review of identified models and
theories indicates that, there are serious inconsistencies; knowledge gaps, which these theories
and models have not explained; various models reviewed could not be self-sufficient and serve
in all circumstances. Thus, leaving this study with a gap to establish technological factors in
adoption of ICT and develop a technological adoption model. The study investigated how well
Innovation Diffusion Theory DIO can be used to facilitate ICT adoption. The researcher
adopted an exploratory research design, discussing the finding of the study on adoption of ICT,
taking the case of Githunguri sub-county in the central part of Kenya. The researcher employed
Descriptive Survey Design. Thirty-two schools gave a sample size of 637 respondents for the
research. Quantitative data collected using questionnaires were analyzed using descriptive and
inferential statistical techniques. To enhance understanding, the meaning of quantitative data
the researcher used Qualitative data collected using interview and observation procedures. A
wide range of literature was reviewed; among the developed countries where ICT is widely
adopted are: Albania, Bosnia, Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, FYRO Macedonia, Republic of
Moldova, Romania, Serbia and Turkey. In developing countries, some of which classified as
economies in transition; Azerbaijan, Armenia, Georgia and Kyrgyzstan in Central Asia, Hong
Kong Special Administrative Region of China, New Zealand, Malaysia, Singapore East Asia,
Republic of Korea, Maldives in South and West. In Arab countries include; Egypt, Jordan,
Oman, Palestine and Qatar. In Africa some of the countries considered are; Botswana, Gambia,
Zambia, Niger, Guinea and Kenya. The scope of this study was technological factors emerging
from the technology characteristics, limited to technological factors affecting current ICT, with
no regard to any advancement of ICT while the study was in progress. This study assumed that:
The state of ICT technological factors remained constant over the study period. This study
investigated and established technological factors with strong significance on influencing
adoption of ICT as; ICT infrastructure, ICT Trialability, ICT technical support, ICT complexity,
ICT relative advantage, ICT hardware architectural rapid change, software portability, ICT
adaptability. The researcher guided by the theoretical model developed and tested a
technological adoption model. The researcher also developed an automated tool for assessing
status of technological factors in adoption of ICT. The researcher recommends that, the
government to establish policies and strategies for technical support. The ministry of
communication and technology to adopt the model developed in this study to quicken the rate
of adopting ICT. This study calls for more review on the theoretical model and the automated
assessment tool.
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Innovation, Technology