School of Social Sciences

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    Monitoring and evaluation practices and performance of water and sanitation projects in Langata sub county, Nairobi county, Kenya
    (Mount Kenya University, 2024-01) Aoko, Daisy Florence
    The provision of clean water and adequate sanitation is essential for sustaining human life, health, happiness, and decency. In all environments where individuals live, learn, play, work, rest, and seek medical attention, a gradual strategy is needed to ensure that sanitation and drinking water operations are safe, equitable, accessible, available, and affordable for everyone. Approximately 13,000 kids under the age of five die every year from illness linked to a lack of access to clean water, inadequate sanitation, and poor hygiene, adding up to an estimated 484,000 children worldwide who are affected by these conditions. This study aims to assess the effect of monitoring and evaluation practices and performance of water and sanitation projects in Langata Sub County, Nairobi County in Kenya. This research proves how crucial monitoring and evaluation procedures are to the success of water and sanitation initiatives in Nairobi and other parts of Kenya. It allows practitioners to determine the most suitable practices for water and sanitation projects. The findings of this study can be used by project managers to implement various state initiatives, thus enabling them to identify the key areas for improvement to ensure long-term project optimization. Ultimately, also contributes to the closure of the knowledge gap regarding the effect of monitoring and evaluation practices on the performance of water and sanitation projects. Therefore, the main significance of this project is the fact that it enhances how people understand the most effective strategies for addressing global water and sanitation concerns. The study sought to achieve four specific objectives; to assess the effect of the baseline survey, M& E planning, budgetary allocation for M & E, and evaluation scheduling on the performance of water and sanitation projects in Langata Sub County. The study used a descriptive study design. It utilized an explanatory survey research design to examine the interconnection between the predictor and predicted variables in the context of monitoring and evaluation and how they influence the performance of water and sanitation projects in the geographical area of Langata sub-county in Nairobi, Kenya. This explanatory survey approach enables the study to elucidate the underlying mechanisms driving this relationship and explore other potential associations among the study variables. The study was conducted in Langata Sub County, Nairobi County, targeting officers providing water and sanitation services. The study targeted all 245 officials managing several water and sanitation projects by the county government of Nairobi. The study used a semi-structured questionnaire and interview schedule to collect data. The questionnaire was tested to ascertain its validity and reliability before the data collection exercise. The collected data was analyzed in SPSS. The findings were presented using charts and tables. The study found that Baseline Studies had a statistically significant positive relationship with perceived performance, with a coefficient of 0.257 and a significance level (Sig.) of 0.012. Similarly, the structural framework shows a significant positive relationship (coefficient = 0.490, Sig. = 0.000) with perceived performance. In the case of planning, the study revealed a statistically significant positive relationship, with a coefficient of 0.210 and a significance level of 0.035. Furthermore, Scheduling also demonstrates a positive relationship, boasting a coefficient of 0.204 and a significance level of 0.024, thus indicating statistical significance. The study concludes that baseline data practices, M&E planning practices, adherence to the structural framework, and M&E scheduling had significant contributions to the performance of water and sanitation projects. The study’s theoretical framework draws upon two main theories: program theory and results-based management (RBM). Program theory, as described by Patton (2002) and supported by scholars such as Huey Chen, Peter Rossi, Michael Quinn Patton, and Carol Weiss, is focused on comprehending the process through which change is implemented within programs and the drivers responsible for this change. RBM, on the other hand, originated in the 1980s and became increasingly popular in the next decades. This approach focuses on the achievement of sustainable outcomes through clear goal-setting, monitoring, and evaluation.