Public Health

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Browsing Public Health by Subject "Antibiotics"

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    The Patterns of Selected Antibiotics Sensitivity and Resistance to Staphylococcus Aureus Isolates
    (International Journal of Scientific and Technology Research, 2016-05) Musyoki, Stanslaus Kiilu; Kariuki, Stephen Mwaura; Kemoi, E.K; Mbogori, Elias
    Complications of Staphylococcus aureus infection have greatly increased in recent past because of the many invasive procedures, increased cases of immunocompromised individuals, and the uprising tren ds in increased antimicrobial resistance of S. aureus strains. Despite of these available information and by contrast with developed countries, S. aureus associated disease are ranked low on the public - health agenda in Kenya and other developing countries. Therefore there is due reason to undertake an investigation and report the trends and patterns in a thorough manner, majorly and especially regarding the antimicrobial resistance. The aim of this study was thus to determine the levels of drug resistance o f Staphylococcus aureus to various classes of antibiotics. This data is of significance in improving baseline data on antibiotic resistance of S. aure us isolated from human clinical specimens for the prudent use of antibiotics and the coming up with poli cies on control programs. All culture isolates were confirmed as Staphylococcus aureus genus by various tests, That is, gram staining, catalase and oxidase. Catalase positive, gram positive and oxidase neg ative isolates were defined as Staphylococcus. Furt her analyses by mannitol salt agar fermentation of the isolates and positive coagulase tests indicated Staphylococcus aureus. The area of clearance of sensitivity and tolerance was measured in millimeters and categorized as sensitive, resistant or int ermed iate. The present study reported that, S. aureus was most sensitive to Azithromycin, whereby 46 (61%) samples were sensitive. Penicillin on the hand was least sensitive showing 29% level of sensitivity. Methicillin, Gentamicin had more than 50% level of se nsitivity, That is, 41 (55%) and 40 (53%) respectively. Other antibiotic drugs including ampicillin, augmentin and tetracycline demonstrated less than 50% sensitivity, That is, 29 (39%), 32 (43%) and 33 (44%) respectively. Drug resistance for S. aureus was therefore reported to be highest in penicillin (59%) and least in Azithromycin (25%). Based on results of this study we conclude that drug resistance of Staphylococcus aureus may vary with the antibiotics being used.