Educational Psychology and Foundations of Education

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Open Access
Audio-Visual aids utilization frequency and its effects on biology academic performance among secondary schools in Nandi east sub-county, Kenya
(Research Journal of Education, Teaching and Curriculum Studies, 2024-06-20) Jeptoo, Nancy; Mogeni, Jackson M
Audio-visual aids use in the teaching and learning process make it interesting and easy for learners to concretize information leading to a better understanding of Biology concepts. It raises curiosity as it appeals to the mind through multiple visual and auditory senses and provides learners with realistic experiences which in turn capture their attention throughout the lesson. This paper aimed to find out the frequency of utilizing audio-visual aids in teaching Biology in relation to academic performance among secondary school students of Nandi East Sub-County, Kenya. The study adopted a descriptive research design with a mixed methods approach where guided by Krejcie and Morgan sampling table of 1970, 28 schools were sampled from 30 secondary in the study location. Respondents were 383, comprising 317 Form 2 Biology students, 28 Biology teachers, 28 Lab technicians and 10 Heads of the Science Department. Stratified, purposive, and random sampling techniques were used in sampling. Data collection instruments were interview, questionnaires, and observation schedules. Pilot testing of both student and teacher questionnaires yielded reliable Cronbach Alpha Coefficients of 0.906 and 0.897, respectively, thus the instruments were acceptable. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences, described in words (qualitatively) and numerically (quantitatively) then presented with the help of frequency tables and pie charts. The study limited itself to utilization of audio-visual teaching aids and their effects on academic performance. The findings of the study established that there was minimal use of audio-visual aids in teaching Biology with the most rarely used being smart Television. Furthermore, results also show that usage of audiovisual learning aids can make difficult ideas easily understood thus this leads to improved outcome.
Open Access
The Impact of School Community Attitudes on Learning Efficacy among Learners with Physical Impairments in Public Regular Primary Schools: A Case Study of Kitui County, Kenya
(Journal Of research Innovattion and Implications in Education, 2024-01) Ndethya, David; Macharia, Susan; Kimani, Cecilia
Learners with impairments have a right to a quality education in regular classrooms. Nevertheless, the learning efficacy of learners with physical impairments in public regular primary schools has been declining. The goal of this study was to investigate how psychosocial factors affect the learning effectiveness of learners who have physical impairments in public regular primary schools in Kitui County. The target population was 89,745 participants while sample size was 265 respondents. The data collection tools were limited to questionnaires, observation checklists, interview schedules and focus group discussions guide. Quantitate data was analyzed through descriptive methods while qualitative data was presented in narrative form. This publication details the results of an in-depth investigation into the relationship between school community attitudes and the learning efficacy among learners with physical impairments attending public regular primary schools in Kitui County. The study established that there was significant relationship between community attitudes and learning efficacy among learners with physical impairments whereby positive attitudes triggered high learning efficacy and vice versa. The study recommended robust programmes be put in place by ministry of education in collaboration with non-governmental organizations to spur positive change of attitudes among school community and to demystify stereotypes associated with physical impairments. The study also recommended teachers and peers in regular schools to appreciate and support learners with physical impairments in regular schools.
Open Access
Influence of Self-Image on Learning Efficacy among the Learners with Physical Impairments in Public Regular Primary Schools in Kitui County
(East African Journal of Education Studies, 2024-01) Ndethya, David; Macharia, Susan; Kimani, Cecilia
Learners with physical impairments have a right to quality education within regular schools. However, learning efficacy among learners with physical impairments in regular public schools has been on a downward trajectory. Therefore, the objective of this study was to find out how self-image affected learning efficacy among learners with physical impairments in regular public primary schools in Kitui County. Correlational and phenomenological research designs were triangulated to give a unified perspective of the study. A mixed research methodology whereby quantitative and qualitative data were concurrently collected was applied. The target population was 89,745 participants, which included 56,875 learners, 2,607 teachers, 30,221 parents and guardians and 42 curriculum support officers. Purposive sampling techniques were used in identifying the sample of the study. The sample size was 265 respondents comprising 162 teachers, 51 learners with physical impairments, 47 parents of the learners with physical impairments and 5 Special Needs Curriculum Support Officers. Datacollection tools were questionnaires, an interview schedule, observation checklists and a focused group discussion guide. Quantitative data were computed with the aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 25, and results were analysed throughdescriptive methods and inferential statistics. Qualitative data was analysed thematically and presented in narrative form. From the findings, the researcher established that there was a significant relationship between self-image and learning efficacy among learners with physical impairments in regular schools. Poor self-image among the learners with physical impairments triggered by negative attitudes and stereotypes from the school community were impediments to the learning efficacy among the learners with physical impairments. The study recommended educational psychologists, special needs curriculum support officers and teachers to spearhead psychological makeups among the learners with physical impairments to appreciate themselves and improve their learning efficacy.
Open Access
Influence Of Examination Storage And Distribution Practices On Acadmeic Integrity In Public Tertiary Institutions In Mandera County, Kenya
(IOSR Journal of Research & Method in Education (IOSR-JRME), 2024-03) Adan, Ali Mohamud; Thinguri, Ruth; Muiru, Anne
Statement of the Problem: Examination storage and distribution practices play a key role in ensuring academic integrity among students. However, there have been high levels of malpractice among students in public tertiary institutions in Mandera County and this creates doubts as to the levels of management of every step of the examination process. Purpose of the Study: Thus, the purpose of this was to study to establish the influence of examination storage and distribution practices on academic integrity in public tertiary institutions in Mandera County, Kenya. Methodology: This research employed mixed methodology and the concurrent triangulation research design. The target population consisted of 1394 respondents, including three principals and 150 College Tutors, seven Examination Officers and 1234 students from which 462 respondents were sampled using Yamane’s Formula. From this sample, three principals and seven examination officers were chosen using purposive sampling. Conversely, from each college, 150 tutors were selected using purposive sampling and about 303 students were selected randomly. Through the application of this sampling procedure, the researcher successfully obtained a sample comprising three principals, seven examination officers, 150 teachers and 303 students. Qualitative data were analyzed thematically in line with the study objectives and presented in both verbatim and narrative formats. For the quantitative data, a descriptive analysis was conducted, utilizing frequencies and percentages. Inferential statistics were also done using Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation Analysis using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS Version 23) and presented in tables. Findings: The study established that many public tertiary institutions rarely adhere to examination storage and distribution practices as a strategy for improving academic integrity. Recommendations: The study recommends that there should be enough security during distribution of examinations to eliminate examination malpractice. The examination distributors should also be trained on ethics and adherence to distribution practices with minimum supervision
Open Access
INFLUENCE OF EXAMINATION SETTING PRACTICES ON ACADEMIC INTEGRITY IN PUBLIC TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS IN MANDERA COUNTY, KENYA
(African Journal of Emerging Issues (AJOEI), 2024-03) Adan, Ali Mohamud; Thingur, Ruth; Muiru, Anne
Statement of the Problem:Examinationsetting is one of the major means of determining the kinds of tests students need to undertake in both general and specific areas of studies. This is possible through effective examination setting practices with much integrity. However, there have been high levelsof malpractice this creates doubts as to thelevels of management of every step of the examination process. Purpose of the Study:Thus, the purpose of this was to study to examine the influence of examination setting practices on academic integrity in public tertiary institutions in Mandera County, Kenya. Methodology:This research employed mixed methodology and the concurrent triangulation research design. The target population consisted of 1394 respondents, including three principals and 150 College Tutors, seven Examination Officers and 1234 students from which 462 respondents were sampled using Yamane’s Formula. From this sample, three principals and seven examination officers were chosen using purposive sampling. Conversely, from each college, 150 tutors were selected using purposive sampling and about 303 students were selected randomly. Through the application of this samplingprocedure, the researcher successfully obtained a sample comprising three principals, seven examination officers, 150 teachers and 303 students. Qualitative data were analyzed thematically in line with the study objectives and presented in both verbatim and narrative formats. For the quantitative data, a descriptive analysis was conducted, utilizing frequencies and percentages. Inferential statistics were also done using Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation Analysis using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS Version 23)and presented in tables. Findings:The study established that many public tertiary institutions rarely adhere to examination setting practices as a strategy for improving academic integrity. Recommendations: The study recommends that tertiary institutions and other education stakeholders should organize for training of college tutors in order to acquire pre-requisite skills in setting examinations. This may enable them master the practices and procedures for setting standard examinations.
Open Access
Investigation Of Parenting Styles On Alcohol- Use Disorder Among Recovering Clients In Selected Rehabilitation Centers Nairobi County, Kenya.
(IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science (IOSR-JHSS), 2023-08-02) Marypiah, Kuria W.G.; Florence, K’okul S.A.; Elijah, M’Arimi K.
Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) is a burden to individuals, families, and the society. In most societies, the first socialization is mainly the family; particularly parents. This study assessed the influence of parenting styles on alcohol use disorder among recovering clients in selected rehabilitation centers in Nairobi County, Kenya. (SRCNCK). The objective of the study was to investigating the influence of parenting styles on alcohol use disorder and to come up with the interventional strategies for controlling alcohol use disorder through parenting stlyle. The study was guided by three interrelated theories; the Family System Theory (FST), Social Learning Theory (SLT), and Choice Theory (CT). Ex post facto research design guided the study with a target population of 187 recovering clients composed of 161 males and 26 females. Following Krejcie and Morgan's (1970) table of sample size determination, the sample size was 152 males and 26 females. The representative sample was attained by using Stratified Sampling and Simple Random Sampling methods. Expert judgment and pilot study was conducted in Kiambu County in NACADA accredited rehabilitation centres to determine the validity of the data collection tools while the Split-half method was used to determine the reliability of the research instruments. A reliability level of 0.7 was accepted for the study. The researcher collected both quantitative and qualitative data. Qualitative data was collected through Focus Group Discussion (FGD) using an open-ended group discussion guide and analysed using the content analysis under themes in line with the study objectives. Quantitative data was collected using structured questionnaires having both open and closed ended questions. Data collected from the field was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Inferential statistics involved hypothesis testing through the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25 for windows. Spearman rank order correlation and Chi-square test were used to test the hypothesis and generate relationships between variables. The level of statistical significance was .05. Chi-square tests results showed that, there was no statistical significant relationship between parenting style and alcohol use disorder. Following the finding of this study, the researcher recommended more studies on personal factors and alcohol use disorder, the effect alcohol predisposition on development of alcohol use disorder, the protective factors against alcohol use disorder.
Open Access
Assessment of Family Alcohol Use on Alcohol-Use Disorder Among Recovering Clients in Rehabilitation Centers Nairobi, Kenya
(African Journal of Education, Scienceand Technology, 2023-04) Gatura, Marypiah Wairimu
Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) is a burden to individuals, families, and the society. In most societies, the first socialization is mainly the family; particularly parents. This study assessed theAssessment of Family Alcohol Use on Alcohol-Use Disorder Among Recovering Clients in Rehabilitation Centers Nairobi, Kenya. The study was guided by the Family System Theory and Social Learning Theory. Ex post factoresearch design guided the study with a target population of 187 recovering clients composed of 161 males and 26 females. Following Krejcie and Morgan's (1970) table of sample size determination, the sample size was 152 males and 26 females. The representative sample was attained by using stratified sampling and simple random sampling methods. Expert judgment and pilot study was conducted in Kiambu County in National Campaign against Drug Abuse(NACADA) accredited rehabilitation centres to determine the validity of the data collection tools whilethe Split-half method was used to determine the reliability of the research instruments.A reliability level of 0.7 was accepted for the study. The researcher collected both quantitative and qualitative data. Qualitative data was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25 for windows while quantitative data was anlysed using the content analysis. This chi results showed that there was no statistically significant relationship between Fathers’ alcohol use χ2 (16) = .460, p =. 977), mother’s alcohol use χ2 (16) = 6.993, p =.136), older brothers’alcohol use χ2(16) = .920, p =.922), older sisters’ alcohol useχ2 (16) = 3.321 p =.506)and alcohol use disorderamong recovering clients in selected rehabilitation centers in Nairobi County. This meant that family alcohol use had no major effect on alcohol use of the participants nor the development of alcohol use disorder.Following the finding of this study, the researcher recommended more studies on personal factors and alcohol use disorder, studies to establish the effectofalcohol predisposition on development of alcohol use disorder and to establish the protective factors against alcohol use disorder.
Open Access
Influence of mentorship programs on students’ academic performance in public secondary schools in Imenti north sub county, Meru county, Kenya
(The International Journal of Humanities & Social studies, 2024-06) Mutwiri, Lewis Nimrod; Chui, Mary Mugwe
Management practices are an important ingredient in an organization. They offer a unique environment needed to attain set goals, create a good public image and build a productive relationship among the stakeholders. The main aim of this study was to determine the influence of teacher satisfaction on the academic performance of learners in public secondary schools in Imenti North sub-county, Meru County. The study was based on organizational theory, which was developed by Jaques in 1951. The study adopted a mixed methods methodology where both quantitative and qualitative methods were employed. The sampling unit consisted of public secondary schools where 6 principals were selected through purposive sampling from the top three and bottom three performing schools. Ten form three and form four students were also randomly selected from the top three and bottom three performing schools to obtain a sample size of 120 students. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire. Data collected was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics with the help of the statistical package for social scientists, version 26.0. A multiple Linear Regression model was used to model the relationship between the independent variable and the response variable (academic performance). The study concludes that mentorship programs have a significant positive effect on academic performance, as indicated by their p-values (P<0.05). The study recommends that schools should ensure that there are functional mentoring programs in schools, as they have been shown to positively influence academic performance. Such programs may provide guidance, support and career direction.
Open Access
Delayed speech development and academic performance of autistic learners in special schools in Bungoma county, Kenya
(African Journal of Empirical Research, 2024-07) Shiundu, Saida; Kikechi, Ronald Werunga
All learners have the right to education free from discrimination based on disability, gender, race, religion, or social status, as mandated by international, regional, and national rights instruments. However, autistic learners in special schools in Kenya face persistent challenges including limited social integration, decreased self-esteem, and heightened dependency on support services, prompting significant concerns. Thus, the objective of the study was to investigate the influence of delayed speech development on academic performance of autistic learners in special schools in Bungoma County, Kenya. The specific objectives were to: Determine the influence of underdeveloped vocabulary on academic performance of autistic learners in special schools in Bungoma County, Kenya; establish the influence of speech impediment on academic performance of autistic learners in special schools in Bungoma County, Kenya; examine the influence of nonverbal reliance on academic performance of autistic learners in special schools in Bungoma County, Kenya; and assess the influence of repeating words and phrases on academic performance of autistic learners in special schools in Bungoma County, Kenya. The study was guided by Martin h. Kutscher’s theory of mind. It employed a descriptive survey research design involving a target population of 213 individuals, which included 26 Head Teachers and 187 teachers from special schools, with a sample size of 140 individuals comprising 17 Head Teachers and 123 teachers. Stratified random sampling was utilized to categorize head teachers and teachers into distinct groups. Data was collected using questionnaires and interview guides, and instrument reliability was confirmed through a pilot study, yielding a Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient of 0.77, indicating high reliability. Quantitative data underwent descriptive and inferential statistical analyses, presented in tables, while qualitative data was analyzed to identify common themes, which were systematically organized and discussed within the study’s main objectives. The study findings revealed a statistically significant correlation between communicative difficulties, encompassing aspects such as delayed speech development and autistic learners’ academic performance Pearson Chi-square=311.995, p<0.05). Therefore, it is advised that education policymakers develop and implement comprehensive guidelines and support systems to address delayed speech development, challenges in using gestures, difficulties in understanding nonverbal cues, and maintaining conversational exchanges.
Open Access
Effect of parents’ attendance in school academic meetings on students’ academic performance
(International Journal of All Research Education and Scientific Methods, 2024-07) Gichana, Onchiri Evanson; Momanyi, Charles Ocharo
The influence of Parents’ Attendance in School Academic Meetings on Students Academic Performance in Public Secondary Schools in Manga Sub County- Kenya is the main concern of this study. Students can excel well with close supervision and support of school administrators like principals, teachers, parents and other education stakeholders. This can be done in different ways. School principals and teachers occasionally invite parents as custodians of children in school to discuss students’ academic progress. This is majorly aimed at improving the results and the general behavior of the child. In many schools in Manga Sub County, it has been observed that the percentage attendance of parents in such meetings ranges from 32 percent to 48 percent. Majority of the parents do not attend such meetings. This has made it cumbersome for some school policies concerning improving the quality of education to be fully effective. The study utilized Kimberlé Crenshaw's conflict theory, which views human society as a collection of competing interests, relevant to the varying interests of teachers, parents, and students in education. This research adopted a descriptive survey design to describe the impact of parents' activities in school on academic performance. Stratified random sampling was employed to collect data from respondents. Data collection methods included questionnaires, observations, and interviews. Data analysis involved the use of percentages, means, and standard deviations, along with Spearman’s Rank Correlation Coefficient to examine the relationship between variables. The findings were presented through pie charts, bar graphs, and verbatim reporting.
Open Access
Influence of teaching skills and training methodology on performance of learners with visual impairment in public primary schools in Narok West sub-county, Kenya.
(East African Journal of Education Studies, 2021-09-30) Tonui, Elijah; Nyambura, Ruth; Oigara, Peterson
The study sought to assess the influence of teaching skills and training methodology on the performance of learners with visual impairment in public primary schools in Narok West Sub-County, Kenya. The study analysed past theories related to the topic under the theoretical review that is Education Production Function (EPF) theory. The researcher used a descriptive research design to capture the information on the influence of teaching skills and training methodology. The findings indicated that teaching skills and training methodology influence the performance of learners with visual impairment in public primary schools in the Narok West Sub-County.
Open Access
Influence of Feedback Provision on Teachers’ Attitude towards Performance Appraisal in Public Primary Schools in Homa-Bay Sub County, Kenya
(International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology, 2024-03) Okeyo, Lucy Akinyi; Ogal, Joshua Odhiambo; Onyango, Nichanor Agonda
This study examined the influence of feedback provision on teachers’ attitudes towards performance appraisal in public primary schools in Homa-Bay SubCounty, Kenya. The appraisal of teachers’ performance in public schools in Kenya was initiated by the Teachers Service Commission in 2016. However, the initiative received resistance from the teachers’ unions rendering its implementation to be suspended temporarily until May 2016. Teachers’ performance evaluation guides improvement of teaching skills, to recognize and reinforce teaching excellence, to help teachers focus on student outcomes, and to plan in service education activities. Even so, there is a dearth of information regarding the factors influencing public primary school teachers’ attitudes towards performance appraisal in Homa-Bay Sub County. Therefore, the study specifically sought to: determine the influence of feedback provision on teachers’ attitudes towards performance appraisal in public primary schools in Homa-Bay Sub-County. The study was guided by goal setting theory. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design. The target population comprised of 1 CSO 57 head teachers and 548 teachers from 57 public primary schools. A sample size of 26 head teachers and 133 teachers were selected for inclusion in the study through simple random sampling. Therefore, a total of 160 respondents took part in the study. Self-administered questionnaires were used to collect data from one CSO, 26 head teachers and 133 teachers. Structured and semistructured interviews were conducted through interview guides. Quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive statistics through SPSS and results presented in tables, while the qualitative data was analyzed thematically. The study revealed that both head teachers and teachers strongly agreed that feedback is only given to them when they ask. This is seen in the highest mean rating of 4.48. The second which was agreed by most head teachers and teachers was that feedback has led to negative attitude towards performance appraisal. This was evidenced by the overall mean rate of 4.08.
Open Access
Influence of Social Cultural Factors on Academic Performance in Public Secondary Schools in Tana River County
(Asian Journal of Education and Social Studies, 2024-02-27) Moroni, Joseph D.; Mtilu, Betty M.
The main purpose of the study was scrutinize the socio- cultural aspects on academic performance in public secondary schools in Tana River County. The study employed the Socio-cultural theory as well as System Theory. The study employed descriptive study design. The study was carried out in public secondary schools in Tana River County with a target population of 253 respondents. A census of sample size of 155 participants. The researcher applied primary data. Questionnaires were applied to gather information from principals whereas interview schedule was applied to gather gen from parents. Expert opinion was used to ensure data validity and reliability. The data was analysed descriptively by means and the standard deviation, while multiple regression analysis was used to establish the influence between the variables. The researcher applied SPSS version 25 to examine facts. Regression, ANOVA, correlation as well as model summary was created in addition, facts were presented in tables. The correlation between the independent variables (home chores activities, community activities, parents’ level of edification besides learners’ engrossment in early marriages) besides the dependent variable (academic performance) outcomes showed that all are positive as well as momentous. Particularly, home chores activities is positively as well as significantly correlated (r=.033, p<.05). Likewise, learner’s involvement in community activities (r=.203, p<.05), parents’ level of education (r=.075, p<.05), and learners involvement in early marriages (r=.230, p<.05) are positively as well as ominously interrelated with academic performance in public secondary schools in Tana River. The constant of fortitude infers that the set of independent variables in this research is in lieu of 51.8% of disparities in the academic recital in public secondary schools. The ANOVA outcomes demonstrate that the F_ ratio is 32.048 with a conforming p-value of .000. The projected model linking the social cultural factors to academic performance in public secondary schools is a decent model. Parents’ participation in edification takes various methods comprising the provision of safe as well as steady environment, scholarly imitations, parent to youngster conversation, good replicas of constructive communal as well as scholastic standards and high ambitions connecting to personal contentment, contact with school to pass gen, contribution in school proceedings as well as school work and governance.
Open Access
Influence of Girl Child Involvement in Commercial Sex Exploitation on Students’ Completion of Secondary Education in Msambweni Sub County, Kenya
(European Journal of Business and Management, 2022) Mwanzari, Brenda Milenja; Ochieng, Pamela
Female students’ completion rate of secondary school education is a concern in developing countries where generally women participation in socio economic development of these nations is wanting. A number of issues have been cited by various scholars as the causes for meager participation of female learners in middle level education. In Africa, mixed results arise from different social, cultural and economic factors influencing the female students’ education. In Kenya, in order to ascertain the effect of various aspects on girl child education, various studies have been carried out. In Msambweni Sub County, commercial carnal abuse of minors is rampant putting the sub county in a wanting status. The different practices of commercial sexual abuse of minors consist of sexual abuse by tourists and child prostitution that have emerged to be on the rise as a result of the trending social beliefs, attitudes and practices. The core intention of this study was to find out girl child’s involvement in commercial sex exploitation and its influence on learner’s completion rate of education at secondary school level in Msambweni Sub County. The research was driven by four objectives which focused on girl child involvement in child sex tourism, early marriages, teenage pregnancies and child prostitution and the influence on students’ completion rate of secondary school learning in Msambweni Sub County. This study employed a descriptive research design targeting all tutors and learners in public mixed and girls’ secondary school learning institutions in Msambweni Sub-County and county quality assurance officer for education Kwale County. The research also used a logical sampling technique to choose the respondents. Data collection was done by use of questionnaires consisting of both closed and open ended questions together with the use document analysis schedule. The results were evaluated using a statistical data analysis software notably Statistical Package for Social Sciences-SPSS. Presentation of results was by use of charts, frequency tables and percentages. Several respondents (72%) concurred with the fact that the different forms of CSEC are evidently rampant in Msambweni Sub County. From the findings of this study it has been established that girl child involvement in commercial sex exploitation of children interrupts, delays or denies them the opportunity to complete secondary education. The researcher recommends that relevant programs be developed and facilitated by both government and non-governmental bodies to create awareness on the long term benefits of completing secondary education over the perceived short term benefits of involvement in CSEC.
Open Access
Influence of Non-Physical Disciplinary Methods on Secondary Schools Students in Kisii Central Sub-County, Kenya
(2024-03-23) Moseti, Robinson Matara; Evans, Monda Apoko
This study investigated the efficacy of non-physical modes of punishment in addressing secondary school student discipline in Kisii Central Sub-County, Kenya, following the ban on corporal punishment in 2001. The research aims to identify effective non-physical disciplinary methods, understand the influence of the school environment on student behavior, assess the effectiveness of different punishment modalities, and propose preventive measures for addressing indiscipline. Utilizing Bentham's Utilitarian Theory of Punishment as a framework, the study employs a survey design to capture real-life experiences of teachers and students. Data from 45 secondary schools, 45 principals, 45 heads of department of guidance and counseling, 310 teachers, and 15,000 students were collected through questionnaires. Descriptive statistics were employed for data analysis, revealing a belief among respondents that the rise in student indiscipline is linked to the corporal punishment ban. However, nonphysical modes of punishment were generally considered effective, particularly guidance and counseling. The findings underscore the importance of investing in counseling services to address students' psychological and emotional needs, thus fostering positive behaviors and maintaining school order. This research contributes to the existing knowledge base and lays groundwork for further studies in the field of student discipline management.
Open Access
Effectiveness of Industrial Attachment Exposure in Developing Trainees’ Employability Skills from TVET Institutions in Nairobi County
(East African Journal of Education Studies, 2022-07-28) Mwaura, Alex Njogu; Mugwe, Mary; Edabu, Paul; Thinguri, Ruth
Lack of relevant and adequate data on the effectiveness of industrial attachment exposure and employability skills of trainees in Technical Vocational Education and Training (TVET) institutions in Nairobi and the mismatch of skills needed by labour market and those acquired by TVET trainees. The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of industrial attachment exposure in developing the employability skills of trainees in TVET institutions in Nairobi County. The study was guided by the Skills Acquisition Theory and adopted the mixed research methodology. Researcher used the concurrent triangulation design. The target population was 3,940 participants which included 3,480 trainees, 174 liaison officers, 261 trainers and 25 supervisors. The sample size was 230 participants. These were:180 trainees, 20 liaison officers, 10 industry supervisors and 20 trainers. Random sampling was used to select the trainees and the trainers, while purposive sampling was used to select the liaison officers and the industry supervisors. Questionnaires were used to collect information from the trainees and liaison officers. Interview guides were administered to the industry supervisors, while focused group discussion was used to collect information from the trainers. Questionnaires were used for data collection and were content and face validated, then their reliability was determined using Cronbach’s alpha. Alpha value of 0.800 was achieved and the tools were judged reliable. Quantitative data was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics (the Chi-square test) and presented in tables, frequencies, percentages. Qualitative data was presented thematically through narrative and analysis. Findings from the study established that industrial attachment exposures influenced the development of employability skills. The study thus recommended harmonization on the level of skills exposure during attachment with TVET programmes/course content. The study further recommended the need for TVET institutions and the industries to work together to strengthen skills exposure in line with industrial attachment general guidelines.
Open Access
Assessment of the Influence of Parenting on the Increase of Students’ Suicidal Tendencies in Selected Public Universities in Kenya
(The International Journal of Humanities & Social Studies, 2023-11) Onyina, Boss
Suicide is one of the leading causes of death globally, with students being the most affected. Parents and relatives play a crucial role in eradicating suicidal thoughts in students. However, less has been done on how parenting contributes to suicidal tendencies in students, hence this study. A social survey that targeted second-year students in public universities was employed. Five universities were selected using the convenience sampling technique, while the purposive sampling technique was employed to select the respondents. Data were then analyzed using SPSS and Microsoft Excel. Descriptive statistics were calculated, and graphs, charts, and tables were generated. The study reported that many parents interacted well with students, with most variables recording above 70%. On the parental level of involvement in students' lives, fewer parents (<36%) were reported to be involved always. On parental availability, a higher percentage (56%) was recorded to be available in their children's lives only when they become aware of suicidal intentions. Even though parents interact with and are involved well in students' lives, their availability when the students experience suicidal thoughts is wanting, hence an increase in completed suicide. Therefore, a strong association between parents and their children is recommended to monitor and identify earlier any unusual change in the behaviour of the students. This information could be useful to policymakers on how to improve mental health in learning institutions.
Open Access
Community Policing Information Sharing in Security Enhancement in Gasabo District, Rwanda
(Journal of Humanities and Social Science Research, 2023-08-31) Kagame, Jean Bosco; Muchemi, Joyce; Thinguri, Ruth
In Rwanda, in the aftermath of the 1994 genocide against Tutsi, the security situations were critical and the government adopted mechanisms such as community policing as a strategy for security enhancement. However, the country still struggles with insecurity challenges despite the introduction of community policing. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of community policing information sharing on security enhancement in Gasabo District, Rwanda. The study adopted a mixed methodology approach and a concurrent triangulation design. The study targeted approximately 139,358 household heads of Gasabo District, 73 Community Policing Committee (CPC) chairpersons, 15 Community Liaison Officers, and 260 Police Officers. The study sampled 576 household heads for quantitative data whereas the CPC chairpersons, Community Liaison Officers, Police Officers, and Opinion leaders were used for qualitative data. A multistage sampling technique was used to select the participants. Questionnaires, interview guides, and discussion guides were used to collect data. The findings indicatedthat information sharing had a positive and significant influence on security enhancement. The study concludes that information sharing contributes significantly to security enhancement in Gasabo District, Rwanda. The study recommended the need for RNP tostrengthen information sharing for security enhancement. In particular, the institution should focus on enhancing information sharing aspects including information sharing through social media, music, word of mouth, acting, and training
Open Access
Strategies of Addressing Challenges Related to Social Media Use in Youth Ministry: A Study of Protestant Churches in Kesses Sub County, Kenya
(Journal of African Interdisciplinary Studies, 2023-06) Mbithi, Joshua N.; Kamwaria, Alex N.; Kinuthia, Regina
The level of utilisation of social media platforms towards evangelisation and youth ministry activities has been found to be low. The advantages of social media in reaching out to the youth through the gospel of Jesus Christ are many as evidenced from cross country studies. This study was conducted to recommend strategies that the Church could adopt to make sure that social media use in youth ministry activities increases among Pentecostal churches in Kenya. The study was conducted in Uasin Gishu County that is dominated by quite a number of protestant churches. The study was conducted in Kesses Sub County involving protestant churches (240) youth pastor and youth leaders. In sample size selection, 30.0% of the churches (80 in number) were chosen resulting to a sample of 400 respondents. Data collection was through interview and questionnaire. Analysis of data was done using descriptive statistics for quantitative data and thematic content analysis for qualitative data. Results show that respondents suggested various strategies that protestant churches can use to promote and increase their presence in the social media platforms because majority of youths are present there. the Churches should consider purchasing of the right facilities (computers, network adapters, standby generators, lighting system, sound mixers among others) would also beneficial not only to youth ministry but Church as a whole in using the social media platforms to evangelise. To parents, there is need for them to support their kids acquire or use technological devices to access youth ministry content shared by their Churches. To youth departmental leaders, there is need for them to have a well workout plan and programme on how, what and when they are broadcasting their services to ensure the highest number of youth are reached from their remote or virtual locations.
Open Access
The State of Food Insecurity among Households in Juba River Basin, Southern Somalia
(Journal of Language, Technology & Entrepreneurship in Africa, 2017-05-10) Ahmed, Ali
In the absence of a working state for the last over 25 years, hunger and malnutrition have been serious challenges in Somalia and great causes for concern to the international humanitarian community. Given the state of insecurity in Somalia, it is important that continuous research be done to understand the causes of lack of food and the consequences to the society. Juba River Basin has always been a major producer of food for Somalia. Yet, the state of household food insecurity in the Juba River Basin is an under-researched topic, and even reports by NGOs do not speak much of this crucial region. Thus, the objective of this study was to examine current state of household food insecurity in Juba Valley Region of Southern Somalia. The study results on state of household food insecurity indicate that 75% households are severely food insecure. Similarly, measure on household food insecurity access-related domains revealed that 80% of the households fall in domain 1 of worry and anxiety about food due to lack of resources, 84% of the respondents fall in domain 2 of insufficient quality food and as a result eat less preferred foods. Further, 85% of the households experience hunger (domain 3) where they reduce their meals per day. Thirty eight percent of the respondents face severe hunger according to the household hunger scale. A majority of the respondents (18.7%) blamed it on recurrent droughts where 16.5% stated that pests and diseases were big problem for crop production. Lack of fertilizers, appropriate seeds and farm implements/tools (12%, 10.7% and 14% were among some of the concerns of the study respondents. Figure 7 illustrates limiting factors to food production.