Analyzing the effects of devolved governance on community livelihood performance in Narok county government in Kenya

Abstract

Devolved governance provided greater autonomy and decision-making authority at the local level, enhancing administrative efficiency and democratic participation. The significance of devolved governance was reflected in its ability to enhance local participation by involving communities directly in decision-making processes. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of devolved governance on community livelihood performance in Narok County. The specific objectives of the study were to examine the effect of community engagement and participation in devolution on community livelihood performance in Narok County, to establish the effect of capacity and resource allocation in devolution on community livelihood performance in Narok County, to assess the effect of policies and institutions in devolution on community livelihood performance in Narok County. This research utilized a descriptive design and was grounded in a quantitative methodology. From a total population of 200 county officials, a proportionate stratified sampling method was used to ensure representative selection. To determine the appropriate sample size, the study applied Kothari and Garg’s formula, which resulted in 132 participants being selected for inclusion. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire comprising both open-ended and closed-ended questions. Quantitative data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) to provide reliable insights, while qualitative data were analyzed through thematic analysis by identifying and examining key themes within the responses. Regression analysis was conducted to determine the relationship between the dependent variable and the independent variables. The study demonstrates that devolved governance significantly enhances community livelihood performance in Narok County through active community engagement, equitable resource allocation, effective policy implementation, and strong accountability, with community engagement scoring a mean of 4.2 and accountability receiving the highest impact rating of 4.5 on a Likert scale. Regression analysis revealed accountability (B = 0.55) and community engagement (B = 0.45) as critical drivers of improved outcomes, fostering trust and ensuring resource efficiency. The findings highlight that active participation and transparency in governance build public trust, reduce corruption, and promote sustainable development by tailoring projects to local needs. The study recommends strengthening transparency mechanisms such as accessible financial reporting and regular public communication to ensure efficient resource use and reinforce trust in governance for long-term economic and social growth.